Well of Death: There are much more blessing of Allah on us and water is one of those. Water covers two third of theearth’s surface. Human body comprises 75% of water. Only the brain comprises 85% of water and approximately 90% of the blood flowsthrough our veins also contains water. It is also significant to several functions in living organism and plays a vital role in digestion, metabolizing body fats. More importantly it maintains the body temperature. Doctors recommend 8 to 9 cups of water in a day, about 20% of this fluid comes from food intake so additional 8 cups beverages will replace 6 cups lost from urine and 4 cups lost elsewhere. Pure water has no color; test and smell.There are three forms of water such as liquid, solid and gas. Evidently water is one of the important elements responsible for life on the earth. Drinking and using neat and clean water is a sign of hale and hearty health and genial environment. Water contains Hydrogen+ Oxygen, which is very essential for living organisms. Water is not only necessary for human beings but also required by plants on different stages for their growth to become healthy and to survive for long time so it can provide quality fruits which will be rich in nutrients after consuming.
Waste water impacts all kind of living creatures. Wastewater is simply water that has various pollutants depending on what it was used for.Municipal wastewater (also called Sewerage)comes through residential source including toilet, bathing, laundry, sink and others (contain body waste, containing intestinal disease organisms).some wastewater is discharged by commercial enterprises and manufacturing processes. Process wastewater contains rinse including residual acids, toxic chemicals and planting metals; discharging of such kind of wastewater in oceans or rivers, which spreads many kinds of disease. Killing fishes and destruction of other form of aquatic life as well as can negatively affect the water for drinking purposes and household needs.
Sewerage drains directly or indirectly into major drainage basin with minimal or no management. That has serious impacts on the quality of environment and health of people. Pathogens are susceptible to human health. Some chemicals pose risks even at very low level, and can remain a threat for long periods because of bioaccumulation in animal or human tissue.
Agriculture and Farming is the reason for survival of human’s lives in the world. It is essential for survival; without which there would be famines. For thousands of years, agricultural was a natural process which did not influence the land. In fact, farmers could pass their land for many generations and it would still be fertile as ever. However, modern agricultural practices and some unskillful farmers have started the process of agricultural pollution. This process causes the degradation of the eco-system, land and environment.
Since early in history, people have dumped Sewerageinto waterways; use of sewerage water for irrigation of crops is an old practice in many big cities of Pakistan.Sewerage water is used as potential source of irrigation for raising vegetables and fodder crops which are directly or indirectly consumed by human beings.
Sewerage water contains large amount of nitrogen + phosphorus and other elements. Nitrogen require by plant for their vegetative growth such as plant height, leaf size etc. plant absorb nitrogen in the form of nitrate. Some limited number of elements are required by plants, but excessive amount of that elements which sewerage water contains causes injuries for plants, humans, livestock and other living organisms and environment.when field is treated by wastewater of sewerage and factories some amount will be absorbed by plants and other will remain on the surface of the soil and that will increase the PH level and toxicity of soil and that water will leach down to underground water system through soil and will pollute underground water which we are using for drinking and other needs of life. plants which are treated by sewerage water and factories waste water reaches to bear fruit. Such fruits will be harmful for us and livestock.
Many viral, bacterial, fungal, and pathogenicdiseases which are directly or indirectly caused by wastewater likeskin diseases,malaria, cough, fever, diarrhea, kidney stone, heartattack, degradation of digestive, respiratory, nervous systemand human allergies etc. Specifically, bioaerosols emitted by wastewater treatment plants can impact the air quality in negative ways. In past, microbial concentrations in the surrounding air from the aeration tanks of wastewater treatment plants at different heights and different distances.More analytical epidemiological investigations are needed to determine the cause as well as the burden of the diseases to inhabitants living surrounding the wastewater.
Our planet has the significant ability to heal itself, but there is a limit to what it can do and we must make it our goal to always stay within safe boundaries. That limit is not always clear to scientists, so we must always take the safe approach to avoid it.Some unskilled farmers are not familiar with the health hazard products which they are producing through wastewater. We should aware our farmers to the disadvantages of caused by these agricultural products, which are produced through wastewater to keep living creature safe from health risk. Our government should organize seminars on small level, guidance programs on radio, awareness programs on television should be telecast and articles in newspapers should be published specifically about the negative impact factors of usage of wastewater in cultivation of different corps to make them aware about ups and downs.Any kind of washable agricultural product should be washed before use.
Authors:
Muhammad Bilal Khan, Erum Rashid, Shahla Rashid
(University College of Agriculture University of Sargodha)
