Precision Agriculture: Top 10 technologiesPrecision agriculture (PA), satellite farming or web site specific crop management (SSCM) is a farming control idea in accordance with observing, measuring and responding to inter and intra-field variability in crops. The objective of precision agriculture research is to outline a choice improve machine (DSS) for complete farm management with the function of optimizing returns on inputs while protecting resources.

Among these many approaches is a phyto geomorphological way which ties multi-year crop expansion steadiness/traits to topological terrain attributes. The hobby in the phytogeomorphological method stems from the truth that the geomorphology component normally dictates the hydrology of the farm discipline.

The practice of precision agriculture has been enabled by way of the arrival of GPS and GNSS. The farmer’s and/or researcher’s skill to find their exact place in a subject permits for the creation of maps of the spatial variability of as many variables as will also be measured (e.g. crop yield, terrain features/topography, organic subject content, moisture levels, nitrogen ranges, pH, EC, Mg, K, and others).

Similar data is accumulated via sensor arrays fastened on GPS-equipped combine harvesters. These arrays include real-time sensors that measure everything from chlorophyll levels to plant water standing, in conjunction with multispectral imagery.

This knowledge is used at the side of satellite imagery by way of variable charge era (VRT) including seeders, sprayers, and many others. to optimally distribute assets.

1. GPS/GNSS

It’s arduous to inform exactly where the state of precision agriculture these days could be without GPS — literally. From nearly the instant agriculture received get right of entry to to place finding satellites within the 1990s, operators and manufacturers have discovered quite a lot of tactics to tie into these tools to make managing box paintings a lot more uncomplicated and correct. “In North America and Europe, growers can turn on the tractor and get to work almost immediately,” says T.J. Schulte, Marketing Manager for Trimble Agriculture Division.

Looking beyond these capabilities, mavens say that satellite tv for pc era is in point of fact deserving of its “global” moniker. “No longer can we refer to all these systems as GPS — that’s not an accurate description when referring to new Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receiver technology today,” says Greg Guyette, President of Insero. Instead, he provides, GNSS covers all countries’ satellite tv for pc constellations together with GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo.

2. Mobile Devices

After working out where precision agriculture stands in the world, the next most vital innovation those previous 20 years would must be the development of cell units. The international as of late could be a completely other position without them, in keeping with Illinois Grower John Reifsteck. “Without the cell phone, we probably would still be sitting in the barn a lot, waiting for someone to come to the barn and make things work,” says Reifsteck.

Today, cell phones have morphed into an entire host of helpful cellular devices together with smartphones and capsules. So ingrained has this technology transform that mavens estimate that there are more mobile units on these days — 7.25 billion — than other folks (round 7.2 billion).

No longer can we refer to all these systems as GPS — that’s not an accurate description when referring to new Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receiver technology today

As of 2016, most precision agriculture manufacturers that dabble in the cell units market have spent maximum of their time seeking to enlarge the functions those products can be offering to users. “We run our business on the 20-minute rule when it comes to getting information to the user,” says Dr. Marina Barnes, Vice President of Marketing for FarmersEdge. “If you can’t get your technical data to work for the farmer within the first 20 minutes after he receives it, he’s probably never going to use it.”

3. Robotics

Robots are taking up many duties in agriculture nowadays (with various levels of success), together with planting greenhouse vegetation and pruning vineyards. And there’s been no shortage of task in agronomic crops. The biggest push has been for self reliant machines that are remotely controlled the use of telematics. Kinze engineers have created an independent grain cart machine (designed to plug into any tractor) by which the cart follows a mix in the course of the area at secure distance.

Launched in 2011, AGCO’s Fendt Guide Connect leader-follower technology also connects two machines by way of GNSS sign and radio, so that each can also be controlled by way of just one driver. AGCO is constant to expand the concept based on customers’ enter on their farming needs, says Sepp Nuscheler, Fendt Senior Communications Manager at AGCO.

In a special approach, the Fendt MARS (Mobile Agricultural Robot Swarms) undertaking makes use of small corn seeding robots which are lightweight, energy-efficient, highly agile, cloud-controlled and operated from a tablet app. There’s no cab however one off-field operator managing a fleet of multiple MARS gadgets. They can paintings across the clock and feature low maintenance wishes. “Look for some exciting developments to be shared on the MARS project in Q4 of this year,” says Nuscheler. “This is one direction we see the future of ag robotics heading — small but smart and many.”

4. Irrigation

Innovations in precision irrigation technologies are rising much more a very powerful as growers face water scarcity because of drought, aquifer depletion, and water allocations. One contemporary advance is telemetry, says John Campbell, Manager of Technology Advancement and Adoption with Valley Irrigation. Products now permit growers to remotely monitor and control just about each and every aspect of their irrigation operation. The programs save water, time, gasoline, and put on and tear on cars.

In the longer term, Campbell says manufacturers will likely be integrating soil moisture tracking, weather information and variable-rate irrigation (VRI) into their methods.

Ze’ev Barylka, Director of Marketing and Sales at Netafim USA, adds Precision Mobile Drip Irrigation as some other major advance. PC dripline is pulled during the area by way of a middle pivot or linear move irrigation device. As the driplines are pulled in the back of the device, the integrated emitters ship a uniform pattern around the full length of the irrigated area. Because the driplines deliver water without delay to the soil surface, evaporation and wind waft are virtually eradicated, allowing more water to succeed in the foundation zone.

5. Internet Of Things

One of the most recent buzzwords to hit precision over the last few of years is the “Internet of Things” (IoT). Simply defined, it’s the idea that of connecting any software with an on/off transfer to the Internet (and/or to one another). This network of hooked up issues may also include people with wearable devices.

These networks are designed to carry small amounts of data transmitted intermittently over long ranges

The concept has been demonstrated within the consumer market in the “connected home,” for instance, the place appliances, security systems, and the like be in contact with each and every other and the home-owner. Craig Houin, Data Management Lead at Sunrise Cooperative, says hooked up elements in agriculture could come with discipline sensors (for logging real-time weather, soil moisture, and temperature knowledge) and aerial/satellite tv for pc imagery for field monitoring. Such instrument communications could also be utilized in dispatching systems, sales interaction tools, and different business management applications.

Most recently, various ag start-u.s.and part suppliers (hardware, instrument, and many others.) are using LPWANs (Low Power Wide Area Network) in place of or to reinforce mobile networks in wi-fi knowledge transmission. “These networks are designed to carry small amounts of data transmitted intermittently over long ranges,” says Paul Welbig, Director of Business Development at Senet Inc. Because the units that be in contact with the LPWA networks accomplish that with very low power, their battery lives are considerably longer than the current cellular choices. This coupled with low cost community utilization provides a very compelling total price of ownership merit over different options.

6. Sensors

Wireless sensors were utilized in precision ag and/to gather data on soil water availability, soil compaction, soil fertility, leaf temperature, leaf house index, plant water standing, native local weather data, insect-disease-weed infestation, and more. Perhaps the most complicated and numerous applied sciences to this point are found in water management. Across the country, increased legislation of water use and water shortage will proceed to force enhancements on this area. In fact, BCA Ag Technologies’ Ben Flansburg says soil moisture and rainfall sensors have been some big sellers. And many more producers in California are the usage of moisture sensors to lend a hand irrigation scheduling.

On-the-go sensor knowledge has develop into more precious as well. On-board applicator options evolved over the last few years include GreenSeeker (Trimble), OptRx (Ag Leader), and CropSpec (Topcon). They be in contact real-time crop health stipulations to help in an instant tailor product programs.

Another innovation? WeedSeeker, Trimble’s weed detection sensor made for exact site-specific application of herbicides. “Its use is growing in geographic regions where weeds have developed a tolerance to standard glyphosate-based broad-spectrum herbicides,” notes Mike Martinez, Marketing Director.

7. Variable Rate Seeding

Given all the more moderen/exciting technologies for precision agriculture on this record, it may well be a marvel to look variable-rate software (VRA) seeding right here. According to Sid Parks, Manager of Precision Farming for GROWMARK, this has been able to take care of its importance partly on account of its nature. “It appeals to a growers’ natural inclination to try to maximize a field to take advantage of all of the possibilities of increasing the yields possible by paying extra attention to the factors that impact seed growth,” says Parks. “It’s a little different than variable-rate fertilizer because VRA seeding relies on your ability to gather accurate data for the start of the agricultural process, the seed itself.”

Another issue working in VRA seeding’s persevered significance to total precision agriculture is the reality it as a class has quite a lot of room to develop. “Although folks have been using VRA seeding practices since the mid-1990s, it still is probably only being used on 5% to 10% of the planted acres today,” says Parks. “But the ability to gather good, useful data for VRA seeding is getting much better, so the chances of more growers using this practice in their yearly operations will continue to improve going forward.”

8. Weather Modeling

Visit most of the country’s ag retail locations and likelihood is that some kind of climate tracker might be on display. Per­haps no different variable is as vital — and completely unpredictable — as the weather.

But lend a hand is at the manner. “Over the past 25 years, you’ve gotten a lot of important technologies developed that would be even more valuable with quality weather modeling, but we are now at a point where assuring good crop yields is key to making certain the world has food solutions that work,” says Jeff Keiser, Vice President of Strategic Sales and Marketing for Iteris. “Here at Iteris, we’ve been in the data modeling business for more than 30 years. Our first agricultural system, ClearAg creates a platform for agriculture and expands into other modeling areas such as water use, soil properties, and crop growth.”

An instance of this, says Keiser, involved a potato grower in the Northern Plains that found harvesting his crop at a definite temperature was once key for keeping up crop quality and integrity. In the previous, this grower despatched scouts out into the field to manually assess soil temperatures sooner than sending in the harvest apparatus. “But by using ClearAg, this grower was able to take all their soil readings remotely and he was able to accomplish his harvest a lot more efficiently than ever before,” he says.

9. Nitrogen Modeling

Although some kinds of variable-rate fertilizer have been used for many years, nitrogen modeling has transform extra pronounced not too long ago. “Our clientele has been using variable-rate technologies for fertilizer applications since the mid-1990s,” says Matt Waits, CEO for SST Software. “However, the complexity of the nitrogen cycle and how it is in a constant state of flux has always made managing nitrogen difficult.”

Recently, SST Software has partnered with Agronomic Technology Corp. (ATC) to introduce Adapt-N. According to ATC CEO Steve Sibulkin, Adapt-N used to be first introduced in 2014 and is becoming an important tool for properly managing nitrogen use. “There’s a belief in agriculture that today’s environmental pressures will only get worse as the industry moves forward,” says Sibulkin. “The vast of majority of growers want simple methods to use to be able to address these concerns. That’s what Adapt-N and other nitrogen modeling processes are currently bringing to the table.”

10. Standardization

The call for compatibility across equipment producers’ parts — basically through ISOBUS requirements — continues to go out. Official initial efforts to put in force this started about eight years ago with the formation of the Agricultural Industry Electronics Foundation. The team now contains more than 170 corporations, associations, and organizations that are actively participating to make the standards paintings.

Industry participants that experience to deal with equipment compatibility “on the ground” continue to be annoyed, on the other hand. Third-party tech mavens incessantly battle to control competing providers’ products. Says Tim Norris, CEO of Ag Info Tech, LLC, Mount Vernon, OH: “There will be a point hopefully where components get to be pretty much plug-and-play — and it’s a lot better than it was — but it’s still a real issue.”

Benefits of organic farming in Pakistan

Organic farming is helping to maintain an environmental friendly impact by way of avoidance of use of fabrics from non-renewable assets, by recycling waste, making a least or nearly no usage of pesticides and pesticides, avoidance of assets inflicting pollution and following crop rotation.

Organic farming in Pakistan is mainly an environmental pleasant ecosystem control, which eliminates using all genres of man-made inputs. It aims to decrease the manufacturing price to score self-sufficiency in all the inputs of agri-products.

Organic farming is helping to maintain an environmental friendly have an effect on through avoidance of use of fabrics from non-renewable assets, by recycling waste, making a least or almost no usage of pesticides and pesticides, avoidance of assets causing air pollution and following crop rotation.

In addition, it helps to fortify the biological job of the soil by way of using animal manure, green manure, and by way of software of biological pest control methods. Organic subject composts give a boost to the soil health, and resultantly the well being of the vegetation. Improved soil well being resultantly aids in accelerating population of worms, fungi and related soil organisms. The land is safe from the damages caused by soil degradation, erosion and increases the input of moisture in the land.

Besides, it additionally helps to cut back nitrate air pollution and meets the dietary and physiological necessities of the people. Organic agricultural techniques consider the moral, religious and nutritional concerns of our society. Usually, folks specific concerns about conventional farming ways, which entail degradation of the environments and exploitation of natural and human assets. Organic farm produce is deemed to be lawful and blank when it comes to its manufacturing, processing, packaging and trading within the social constructions.